
Ever caught yourself hearing a game soundtrack in your head or briefly thinking in “game logic” long after you’ve stopped playing?
These moments are examples of Game Transfer Phenomena (GTP), which our new study, published in the International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, shows are more common than you might imagine.
Using a 7-day diary, we observed that gamers (38 gamers (Mage = 26.78 SD = 6.70; 87% males)) often experience spontaneous thoughts, mental images, and even sensory impressions related to games during their daily routines. Notably, such content tends to surface during mundane, low-effort activities like walking, commuting, or doing chores when the mind is free to wander.
Most participants (79%) recorded at least one GTP experience, while eight participants (21%) reported that they did not experience any GTP during the week, even though they kept monitoring for their occurrence.
The results showed that, among the three main dimensions of GTP, automatic mental processes occurred most frequently in the diary entries.
GTP frequency was linked to both positive and negative schizotypy, as well as anxiety.
Far from being unusual or worrying, the study suggests GTP is a natural part of how the brain processes immersive and repetitive digital environments. Much like an “earworm” that lingers after hearing a song, these experiences show how games leave their mark on our perception and thinking. Even after logging out, the game’s influence persists, subtly shaping how we interpret the world around us.
As digital experiences become ever more immersive, from gaming to virtual reality, understanding phenomena like GTP is key to recognising how technology continues to affect us beyond the screen.
AUTHORS: Julio C. Llamas-Alonso, Lia Kvavilashvili, George Georgiou & Angelica B. Ortiz de Gortari
Obtain a copy of the full article
Previous qualitative studies into GTP
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014). Auditory experiences in Game Transfer Phenomena: An empirical self-report study. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 4(1), 59-75. Download
Ortiz de Gortari, A., & Griffiths, M. (2014). Automatic Mental Processes, Automatic Actions and Behaviours in Game Transfer Phenomena: An Empirical Self-Report Study Using Online Forum Data. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-21. Download
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014). Altered Visual Perception in Game Transfer Phenomena: An Empirical Self-Report Study. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 30(2), 95-105. Download
Previous qualitative studies on GTP
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014). Auditory experiences in Game Transfer Phenomena: An empirical self-report study. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 4(1), 59-75. Download
Ortiz de Gortari, A., & Griffiths, M. (2014). Automatic Mental Processes, Automatic Actions and Behaviours in Game Transfer Phenomena: An Empirical Self-Report Study Using Online Forum Data. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-21. Download
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., & Griffiths, M. D. (2014). Altered Visual Perception in Game Transfer Phenomena: An Empirical Self-Report Study. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 30(2), 95-105. Download
Validate scales for assessing GTP
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., Pontes, H. A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). The Game Transfer Phenomena Scale: An instrument for investigating the non-volitional effects of video game playing. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. Download (Send me an email for a copy of the questionnaire items).
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., & Diseth, Å. (2022). Multidimensional assessment of Game Transfer Phenomena: Intrusive cognitions, perceptual distortions, hallucinations and dissociations. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Download