Please send an email or fill the form below to request your copy of the validated GTP scale.

2 scales have been validated to asses GTP. The GTP scale with 20-items and the  Multidimensional scale (GTP-MDS) with 38 items.

Request a copy of the GTP scales

The Game Transfer Phenomena Scale (GTPS) comprises a total of 20 items in a 5-point Likert scale of frequency (“Never” to “All the time”). 1= never, 2= once, 3= a few times 4= many times 5= all the time.

Dimensions o modalities:

(i) Altered visual perceptions, (ii) altered auditory perceptions, (iii) altered body perceptions, (iv) automatic mental processes, and (v) actions and behaviours will be measured.

Altered visual perceptions

Include mind visualizations, pseudo-hallucinatory experiences (e.g., seeing game icons above people’s heads), visual adaptations (e.g., perceiving objects or environments distorted), and visual misperceptions (e.g., confusing physical objects with those in the game.

Altered body perceptions

Includes proprioception (e.g., sensations of body or limb movement), tactile perception (e.g., pushing buttons of gamepad), and cronoceptive perception (e.g., feeling time slow down *after playing).

Altered auditory perceptions

Include auditory involuntary imagery (e.g., hearing auditory cues in the head), auditory hallucinations (e.g., hearing sounds coming from objects), inner speech (e.g., hearing one’s own thoughts preserving features from video game character’s voices), and auditory misperceptions (e.g., confusing physical sounds with those from the game).

Automatic mental processes

Manifest as thoughts, urges, and automatic mental actions. These range from thoughts about the game (e.g., thinking continuously about the game) to cognitive biases (e.g., experiencing attention bias toward game-related cues, jumping to conclusions bias), and source monitoring errors (e.g., confusing what an in-game character said with what a person said)

Behaviors and actions

Can range from experiencing involuntary motor activations (e.g., involuntary movements of limbs) to performing actions inspired by the video game or changes in behavior influenced by the video game (e.g., avoiding specific places, mimicking video game characters, having verbal outbursts).

The scale has been validated in:

  • Heterogenous sample: Cronbach’s alpha 0.94 (S1),0.93 (S2). 
Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., Pontes, H. A., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). The Game Transfer Phenomena Scale: An instrument for investigating the non-volitional effects of video game playing. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. Download 
 
  • Turkish sample: Cronbach’s alpha 0.923.

Dindar, M., & Ortiz de Gortari, A. B. (2017). Turkish Validation of the Game Transfer Phenomena Scale (GTPS): Measuring altered perceptions, automatic mental processes and actions and behaviours associated with playing video games. Telematics and Informatics, 34(8), 1802-1813.

  • Polish sample: The Cronbach’s alpha in total sample .908 to .940, males .912 to .944 and females .898 to .934.

Cudo, A., Zabielska-Mendyk, E., & Ortiz de Gortari, A. B. (2022). Psychometric assessment and gender invariance of the Polish adaptation of the Game Transfer Phenomena Scale. Advances in Pscyhology, 18(1), 48-63. 

Scoring:

  • To obtain participants’ total scores, all 20 items.must be summed up.
  • To determine the levels of severity of GTP in the sample, three groups (low, moderate and severe) were created based on 80-points of the GTP scale (Ortiz de Gortari, Oldfield, & Griffiths, 2016). Never= 0, never experienced any GTP, low GTP= 1 to 26, moderate= 27 to 53 and severe= 54 to 80. 

The scale has been validated in: English, Spanish, Polish, Turkish and Chinesse.

We have the translation of the items in Swedish, Norwegian.

The GTP Multidimensional Scale (GTP-MDS)

The GTP-MDS consisit in 38-items in different subscales. It differentiates players’ experiences manifesting as endogenous phenomena “inner intrusions” such as mind visualizations, seeing images with closed eyes, hearing music/sounds in the head, from exogenous phenomena manifesting externalized “outer intrusions” such as seeing images with open eyes, seeing objects/environment distorted, hearing sound/music outside the head. It also assesses corporal adaptations and dissociations such as sensations of still being in the game environment, tactile sensations, and changes in body perception.

More details

The scale has been validated in English and Spanish.

Ortiz de Gortari, A. B., & Diseth, Å. (2022). Multidimensional assessment of Game Transfer Phenomena: Intrusive cognitions, perceptual distortions, hallucinations and dissociations. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Download